Sex differences in the fetal programming of hypertension
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Sex Differences in Hypertension
Hypertension is a complex disorder involving multiple organ systems and the primary modifiable risk factor for heart disease, which is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States. Although both men and women develop hypertension, distinct gender differences in the incidence and severity of hypertension are well established where men have a higher incidence of hypert...
متن کاملMechanisms of Fetal Programming in Hypertension
Events that occur in the early fetal environment have been linked to long-term health and lifespan consequences in the adult. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which may occur as a result of nutrient insufficiency, exposure to hormones, or disruptions in placental structure or function, may induce the fetus to alter its developmental program in order to adapt to the new conditions. IUGR m...
متن کاملFetal testosterone and sex differences.
Experiments in animals leave no doubt that androgens, including testosterone, produced by the testes in fetal and/or neonatal life act on the brain to induce sex differences in neural structure and function. In this article, we argue that prenatal and neonatal testosterone exposure are strong candidates for having a causal role in sexual dimorphism in human behaviour, including social development.
متن کاملTransgenerational programming of fetal nephron deficits and sex-specific adult hypertension in rats.
A developmental insult that restricts growth in the first generation has the potential to program disease in subsequent generations. The aim of this study was to ascertain transgenerational growth and cardio-renal effects, via the maternal line, in a rat model of utero-placental insufficiency. Bilateral uterine vessel ligation or sham surgery (offspring termed first generation; F1 Restricted an...
متن کاملMechanisms of fetal programming of adult hypertension: role of sex hormones.
Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that the in utero environment plays a critical role in the development of adult disease, including cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Intrauterine growth retardation produced by maternal undernutrition or exposure to maternal glucocorticoids during critical periods of organogenesis impairs fetal growth and produces offspring that develop hy...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Gender Medicine
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1550-8579
DOI: 10.1016/j.genm.2008.03.012